Computing-machine.



Patented Mar.2 1, 1911. V

4 SHEETSSHEET 1.

fizz/6711507 WM H. MARSHALL.

COMPUTING MACHINE.

APPLIGATION FILED JUNES, 190s.

Patented Mar,21; 1911.

4 BHEETSSHEET 2.

H. MARSHALL.

COMPUTING MAGHINE. APPLICATION FILED JUNES, 1903.

987, 1 50, Patented Man-21, 1911.

4 SHIETSrSHEET a.

H. MARSHALL.

COMPUTING MACHINE.

APPLIOATION IIQED JUNE 8, 1903.

Patented Mar.21,1 911.

4 SHEETSSHEBT 4' L M o M a w a .u. a W fie w W C U n i j w I .6 Q B so w aw 0 w To all whom it may cancer-1i." a "Be it known that 1, HOLMES I New York city, in the'county of New tain new and useful Improvement in Com- 1 r not "necessary for;

HOLD/i135 ivransr am, on'n'nw YIORK'L'N in, ASSYIGNICZJBQ ny'mnsnn As sIG iIMENTs, ro .Annoemrn MANUIfA'QlIUBING comm- Y, a; oonronarzon or NEW'YQItK citizen .of the-United States,

and State (of; New York, have invented a cerputing Mac-hines, of which the following is .I a 'f'ull, clear, and ekactQdescription, reference being had-t0 the accornpanying'dra Wings.

" My invention relates ma computingfma chine wherein theinie'chanis'm may receive it {its actuation rfronr a--keyi board, a card j punched out'to indicate'thedifiereht nnmf ,gbers,or any other suitable mechanism.

adaptability, not only, as to its L methodof divid'ual 'items, etc.

The embodiment'of my operatedbya series ofcontacts'set by suit; a e electl'oinagnets; 1

v I A prominent feature ofathis invention also -thea r-rangenie'nt of. the 'series-of-con itacts mentioned above so that whenone is set;it'-set s all the contacts of lower denomi-- nation thus furnishing, in every instance, a'

number of impulsestotl e o0n1puting Wheeloperatingvma'gnets equal to "thenuiriberto inginiechanis'rnwhichis' provided in connec be added. It. also provides for carrying y-from one computing wheel to another. My invention further comprises a printtionQwith-all the computing wheels'and thi arrangement of this printing'n'iechanism is :olotained of, all of the separate itemsbeforef such [that first,'an itemized .recordma'y be they-aretabulated, second; that .subfootings may be obtained from tirne to tiine and i ,lastly that: total amounts may befpr-inted.

'Thus' it-will be s'en'that' a; -c0n'1plete record stateriient hrill, be 1 given of allftheseveral steps-in an; accounts i" I, The invent onmayobesummarized as consistingingthefconstrn'tion and combination ing ha-d v-to the; accompanying drawings,

- For conven ence in-,illust rati0nv and lde= MARSHALL; a r'esidin ati orkof. my invention) The object. at the invention-is to provide an" efficient computing machine (of i great p I 'inyentionfhere in" shown ma be'itlefin'ed more specifically; 'as consisting of indicator-Wheels set LfOIfVVtflI'dx ;.by e'lectromagnets whichare arrangedqto be 25 ofpart'Ahereinafit-er. escribed reference be I Specification of Letters-Patent; f Patented 113.1", 191,1, A end-calmed .Tiine s, 1903-. Serial No 160,460

scription, I have" shown this form of "my invention 'ina more or less diagraInmatical' way leaving/out. such 'franie-parts," gilides, etc "as do not directlyfenter into lily invention. I ha'vealso o'mitted,-in'-places, insi1la;

tion for the electrical connections'as this is thetpropergunderstaiiding Referring to the-drawings; Ei gure -1 Zis' Ja longitudinal 'section through substantially. =tl1e center of the device. Fig.1 2:;is a plan withthe top" plate ofthe casinglrernqved in order to" inore clearly show the internal' mechanisms. f31'sias1de el evat10nshow-' ingthe operating'lev'erfand. some of" the gearingconnected with thedifferent p'ar-ta.v

Fig.4 is fa detailed View of the computing "Wheels and their mounting, showing the sleevesand shaft for'setting the wheels back to zero. Figs. 5,6; 7,-a'nd 8 areodetail'views of the sarne'niechanisrn. Fig; Q'is a section taken' upon the-line 9 9 of-Fig .f;1;-Fig. '10. is partial topplanof the rear, portion'of vthe machine, showiii'githe carriage and its:

actuatingmechanismg 'andFigl 11 is a View In constructing a. device substantially'ein takenupon the line 115 11 of -Fig.- 1,--1o.ok- 'ingdoivn'upon the top'of. aportion ofthe' bodying the features set out above Iein-ploy acasing AFOf/SHCll a-size and arrangement that it may becapable of carrying allthe merals on the several computing "wheelsj necessary mechanisms. 'This easing A is '-,pro rided"\y1th slght openings A," A and 3A3 shown in Fig; 1 for exposing the nucolumn there :is af complete; computer and each one of these computers is connected in anf'individual circuit ae-atoitself with its operating contacts to bedescribed. Within the casing and=preferably in the back part thereof are two transverse guide rods a, and-a1; .(Figs. l; 2, 9 and 19.) secured to the sides thereofand serving as a support- I ingmeans for a trans'v'ersely sliding carriage ,B. To theirearof-t-h'ese-rods and also rigidly secured to'thecas'ingis"a rack bar a similar-to the rack bars used inan ordinary type-Wri-tr but haying spaces between, j the "teeth 'ivUjoonFthe rear end of thetrans'vers'e 1 0 7 arriage B fand-at a suitable poinhfor en? dog, of ordinary-construction,' ,with the two gagement withthe rack, is an escapement pawls 6 b for engaging'inthe teeth of therackbar, but instead of being shifted by mechanical. means,- they are shifted upon their pivot by an electromagnet b, rigidly carried-by saidcarriage and arranged to at-,

tract an armature b? secured to said dog. It will be seen that as an impulse is given to the electromagnet I), the dog-will be operated aud the carriage will move fromne tooth to another. Theoperating mechanism for actuating this magnet b is so arranged that as the numbers are set, the carriage will be permitted to travel from one dec'imalcolumn to another, toward the right in Figs. 2,

9 and-'10, under'-the influence of, a spring drawing. on the cord 0. The carriage B is -furthcr provided with a'series of'electromagnets 6 (Figs. 1, 2 and 9) nine'in number,

which are adaptedto-attract corresponding 'armatures pivoted upon agsuitable rod 6 V and located in ,a manner such, that a. lug Z2" on each armature may engage a vertically slidable pin 6 mounted below each one. These pins are prov ded Wltli springs b which engage under a suitable shoulder b;

[for normally holding the same elevated and also-moving the armatures b from their magnets. Y

Any suitable .form oi? operating device such as a' key-boardfor a device which is op; erated by a card or slip, maybe used n -connection with this mechanism; but there must be certain means which isadafpte'd to close an individual c rcuit for each separate numeral, A common return wire. used between this device, the magnet'b, and each of the magnets b g" From each 'ofthese magnets Z2 is asepai'atewire leading back to the key-board, or other' operating device. It

* will be 'seen therefore't-hat-when a connec-.

tion' is madeup'on the key-board, the magnet 12 will be energized, thus pullin 'the locking pawl. of theescapement into the ,rack and holding the carriage. The. current will also pass through the electromagnetu'pon' the carriage corresponding to the numberstruck on thekey-boardl This will force down ward its corresponding pin, .which-is ar ranged to' operate mechanism hereinafter dc scribed for actuating the computing wheels. -When the circuit is broken the movable pawl of the escapement comes intothe rack, and the carriage is shifted one step to the right.

' The carriage Bis still further provided upon its forward end with a depending springactuated pawl Ji /(Figs. 1 and'9)f which is pivoted to said carriage and is arranged to '-travel, in its clepressed-'position, in a-path into'which-project a series of pivoted. arms 6 mounted in a cross bar 6", for'a purpose hereinafter-described. Y Below .the carriage B andinproximity to the l'ower ends of the pins b" are a number of rows of contact rods-0 (Fig. 1), and eac h row of these contact rodsis slidably-mounted in a stationary base plate (1.. Eachrow contains liin'e' contact .rodsfa n'd each one of these rods is provided wit a head 0 which is adapted to be engaged one of the pins same figure. The rods are arranged with respect to each other so that one head will take over the ,head oft'he next contactrod below it, with reference to its-denomination,

and. will take under the head of the next contactrod above itas clearly shown in Fig. 1; From this it will be seenthat if one" pin,

.say the fifth in the series or row shown' in Fig. l, were tobe depressed it would press down its correspondingcontact rod, and the pressing down of. this rod would, through the medium of the heads of tliecontact rods lower in denomination, force-all five.dow nward. Slidably mounted upon the base plate G is a series of plates C provided with slots throughwhichthe contact rods operate,

and'thecontact rodssc are provided withprojections adapted to tal ce on the under side of plate 0 when said contact rods are" provided with stop pins 0 in Fig. 2, p'ro'ectiIig-out' upon the same side of each'rod or a purpose hereinafter described, and .at-their extreme lower ends are provided with long 'depressed. T-he'contaet rods 0 are further 4 ,narrow contact'feet 0 arranged toextend in,

a-transversedirection to. the line of contact iods for apurpose'whichwill later appear. 1 Each of the plates" C' i s capable of being thrown into electrical connection'withits reas, shown in Fig. .1. Each'of the plates C referredto is rovided atits forward end with a-stbp 0 or a purpose" which will later appear, andat its rear. end with a spring 0 secured to the base plate C. This spring normally tends to hold the plate C in a .rearward position and allow it to give forward as the projectionsc are forced down throu' h the s ots therein,

In t e forward portion of the base plate C are additional pairs of contact rods 0. These contact rods (two for each row) are. for the purpose of carrying from one addin wheel to another in the two sets thereo as will be hereinafter described. These rods 0 are similar to the other contact rods 0' having projections 0 and'springs 0 for forcing them upwardly, but instead of being provided with long narrow contact feet,

" the opposite side ofthe other carrying eonJ as are the rods 0, they are provided with,

shorter contact feet '0 and projecting from but one side thereof and in a'transverse direction to theline of'the row. The foot ro'jects'from one side of one carrying con-' 1 tact rod, while the foot 0. extends out from tact rod, as is clearly shown in .Fig. 11.

The projections ofxof thecarrying contact rods 0' do not engage underneath the plate i2 thereon. Each of these plates is limited in its backward movemei tby a-pin 0 and is held against said pin'by aspring c".. Suitable mittin r fi slots are provided in the plate ()"for' perthe'ypassag'e of: the geohtwctrods o? and a owingfthe projection/0 toengage -underneaththe plate 01. Above the heads of the'contaotfrod e? are suitable levers'c.

carrying armatures'c. adapted. to ire-attracted by magnets c-'and 0} (see Fig. 1)- Which.

are connected u with individual local cir-F I I i 1s reciprocatcd longitudinally by the lever the description of the I cuits to be described;

It will be seen from p I contactrods that {when they are depressed the projections "0 will force the. plates C turn and will-hold suoh of-the'rods as have been pressed in that-positionuntil they are released. These depressed rods; form elec *trical contact points for governing-1m ulsfes tothe eor'nputing'wheels,' as Twill now e de- I "Rotatably mounted in the lowerf arto the 'casing'is a transverse shaftD' v and 3) having rigid therewith two gears 45 and a suitable pinion d which is' keyed to+ the end of the shaft 1) extending outside of the casing. This pinion d'. is adapted to engage with a gear-segment d u'secured to" the end of an operating ,lever' i pivoted tof the side ot the casing: 'This lever'isfinor- ,mally held in-the position shown in Fig.3

,bya coil spring (it, Above-the gear wheels 1d within the casing and slidable in suitable 50.

- which is provided with'a pair of racks on its underside for engagement with the gears Thus it will' be seen that this contact frame may. be slid longitudinally within the"- casing. by .shifting the lever d, upon itspivot, through the instrumentality.of the gearing just described. At the forwarder-1d,

guideways therein,.is a contact frame 'E of this frame are aplurality ofpairs of con tacts e, e.one pair beingshownin Fig.11, '50 located upon said frame that whenshifted they ti avel in a path which may be interrupted by the projecting feet of any of the contact rods 0 and 0 -.One pairof these. contacts a and cis provided for each row of contact rods and isconnected with the other lines wand'w" of the main circuits opposed to the -common return m1, to -which the-corresponding plate C is-,( :0nnected; .The contacts ere are made as long aspossible without being'sufficient to span two'contact rods.

Each one of the contacts is in-the form of "a spring of such width andarrangement that two of them may be placed side 'by side with sufficient distance between them 'so that the contact 'e w ill ionly engage the cdntact foot 0 and the other a will only'engage-the foot 0. It will," therefore, be; seen, that whcnfonecarrying contact rod is depressed it will only give-an impulse to the compute-r which is in circi'iit with that particular contact rod. This obviates the difiiculty which might arise when one computing de vice of a row is set to give sub footings'and {the other total, for ifnoae of't'he computers is ready to carry from 9 to the next higher column'and the'other is'not veadyto carry at allfthen' an additional impulse will only be given to the computer in the'next column corresponding to the one which is ready tb I carry. Thus it- 'resultsthat as the frame E J, from the positionshown inFig. 3; to' that shownin-Ei'g. 1,;tlie Gontacts c, e will'engage ,each one of thecontact feet which are and '0 forward until 'these projections pa'ss- 7 at that time projecting'into the path, of said through the plates, when the latterwill re contacts, and give for each contact made an impulse tothe addingjwheel operating mech- =.an1sm corresponding tothat' row of contacts.

For instance, the fifth key froni' the; front of the series shfownin Fig. 1 (corresponding to the digit 5 were depressed there would be live, contacts made and these five contacts would 'giveffives separate impulses 'to "the adding wheel operating mechanism.

I will now descnbe the mechanism 'for' "setting free all of 'thefcontact rods which have been previously depressed, and locked in such position,- and since'ithis'inechanisni is connected with altest indicator mechanism forishowing thenumbers set up by the inachinebefore }being' added', ,I will also describe the same These, parts are best shown in Figs/1; '2 and 3' and thej-description 'will be substantially confined to these figures.

fSlidably mounted the casing and in connect-ion with each plate C, and its'cor- .respondingbrow. of contact rods is a rack bar-F. This bar ,ispr'ovided on its under side with rack teeth and with a, depending arm f-arranged'to take against the forward end of the'contact frameEh This arm is .held against the fframe E by a. coiled spring securedat one end-to; the bar F and at the "other'end to a stationary'pin fi. The bar F is further provided with a stop f rigid with said barand located in suchamanner that when' the contact frame" is' in its extreme forward posit-ion; said stopj will engage the stop 0 carried by the plate C. From Ptl'liS it will be seen that, when the contact,

frame upon its .forward moveme'nt' has com pleted the several contacts, it will engage the arm f, shift the bar F forward, and also,

"through the stop. ffljust described, shift theplate G forward, thus releasing all .of the,

contact IOdSiC toth action of theinspring's' which return them'to their normal position. The forward movement. of the plate C car-- ries theIplate 0} forward also, through the medium of the step o therefore the carrying contact rods cfl ifipreviously, depressed, will be set free also. Befere the releasing ust described takes place, however, in fact before the operating lever (i is moved at all, the test wheels are'set by mechanism which I will now describe. Rotatably mounted in the casing is a transverse sha'ftG having loosely mounted thereon a series of s rocketwheels Gr one for each row of contact rods. Each one of these sprocket wheels G is rigid with a pinion g-meshing with therack-on the under side of its bar F. Thus it will be seen that anymovement of the bar will convey a rot ary motion'to the sprocket wheel G. This sprocket wheel is, however, gearedfwith a sprocket wheel G loo'se upon the transverse shaft G and the" size of both of these sprockets being the same,- they will rotate in'unisom This sprocket wheel G is'fast with an indicator'wheel G. arranged toexpins 6 -of the carriage.

pose the characterson its periphery through thesight opening A Upon the extendedendbfthe bar F is a shoulder farranged to take against'ene of.

the depending pivoted pawls b? hereinbefore mentioned. This engagement is retained by the spring f tending to force said bar rearward. On a projected end o f the bar is a detent 7, extending from said bar'in a position such that it will engage with'tlie 'stoppins when the contact rods c are in their normal position, butxwh en they are in their depressed position, these pins will .be' out of the path of said detent.

' It is evidentfrofn the foregoing. that as the transversely movable carriage Bmoves from'one decimal row'toward another, the pawl 5 9 will trip the pivoted arm b which is in engagement with the shoulder f of the bar corresponding to the rowof contact rods,-

which was previously operated upon by the .The releasing of this bar permits it to travel rearward through its spring f until the detent f enga res with the first one of the stop pins 0 inits path. .Thiss-topping of the-bar stops the indicating wheel (1* at a point'to indicate'the numberwhich is' being set up'in that particular row of contact devices and upon the key-board As an example, after the above operation, ifthe'numeral 6 was inended to be set up the sixth contact rod would be depressed, thus depressing all the contact rods lower in denomination. Consequently when the bar F was released it would travel backward until it engaged the that when the detentstops upon the pin of a contact rod, there will be indicated upon the riphery of the'indicator wheel G, a num er which is one less than the number correspondingto said rod. This, shows to the operator thenumberwhkh has been setv up by the'machine, before it' is recorded b in carried by the seventh contact rod, 'but t earrangement of the parts is such the adding mechanism, since the lever has not been operated'and the contacts betweenthe contact-rods c and the contact '6 have not beenmade, and no impulses have been given to the tabulating -operatin mechanism. When the carriage is returne to its initial position as hereinafter set forth- .the'pawl b? will dragover the pivoted arm b without shifting them, I

The-parts-now tobe described are those which relate to the computing mechanism:

which is arranged in groups, one group for each decimalI column, These partsyare:

shown in land 2.

Rotatably mounted in the" frame are sleeves H corresponding in'number to the numbenof'computing devices used LOJ1 th0 machine. In-this instance, I have shown two, one above and the other below, each 1connected in an lndivld-ual circuit. but barmg the same common return :11. These circults are represented bythe-lines m, .22, and

the common return d/ sthe said lines av and w being connected to'the spring contacts 6 and a respectively hereinbefo're mentioned.- Loosely mounted upon these sleeves H are a plurality of'lregistering wheels 11 having 'the digits on. their peripheries,each' wheel having twocompletesets'. It will also be seen that these register wheels are provided against said pins with the armatures'awayfrom the magnets. It is obvious that when an .impulse is given to one of these magnets L it will attract its armature Z and through its lever Z", and pawl l'-, will'rotate 'itscom- 'puting wheel one step for each impulse.

As previously stated, the computing mechanlsm is composed of a number of groups, each one of-which represents a deci'- Each groupv 1S composed of mal column. two registering wheels arranged 1n vertical alinement, their operating mechanisms, magnets, circuits represented by the lines :0, as" and m, 'a' plate 0 and contacts e and e, and' each rowPot: contact rods' is adapted to com tr'ol that group corresponding toithedeci malcoluinn representedb'y said row of con- -tact ro'ds.l---. I

'5 When "any" contact rod is depressed and; thevcont act frauie E operated, a nuniber'of I contactscorresponding toat he number rep resented -by jsueh-j contaet 'rod willbe n1ade,j

thus giving the}- necessary number of impulses to its corresponding magnets to r0 tate 'the' 'associated coniputerwheels the number oi spaces to computethe number.

Mechanism is provide-d-fprcarryi'ng from one decimal column of computers" or from.

one row' of computing wheelsftojthe -next' highert a'nd this niechanism consists of con- I tacts .for connectin up the carrying mag-.

nets' 0: and pen the periphery of each one ofthe registering wheels area pair o ftea'ts 'h each so l'oceted'upon thejsame that when the niunral' 9"is about to move from" the sight opening, such teat i will i engage I a spring-lingerie rigidly secured to the casing "and -w l'l press it against; another spring fin-r :0'er [of which is insulated from. said other ffi ngenand fromfthe casing; These two fiIlw gers are terni inals ,of alocahc'ircuit --through t' e wires yand'zi 'to'the carrylng' magnet e which is associated with the computer of --the next-higher column; so that when the" slidingmarriage sets 'up a number which sums up, with the numh'eralready .regis' J tered-,' to. a greater 'a nountthan nine, .-.then-f z inotl1er contact will-he made tog'ive onead'-" E ditional 'impulse to the computer next to the left a As heforestated; the s pringcontacts' e, e

I are made ofa length "sfich that when three or, nore columns, or orders, areiready totra'ns- 40 fer upon'the next-addition; or upon thenext computation, the carriage willnolt move we far but what the carrying 'devices all along ithe line Will have a chance to 'operate'and' 1. carry froni'one orderto the-other before the 5 contact springs have passed qut: oit'range o-f the carrying contacts, Fonexainple, let us suppose'that 9,999has beenset up upon the: register and arod was depressed in the iinits colulfnns, then the indicator wheel corre spending thereto would complete the local carrying circuit inthetens'order, and upon the contacts of' the frame "E reaching" the carrying contact rodposition, wouldcorn I plete the carrying operationinthe tens-col: 5 unin. This-"carrying operation throws. down,

' by reasonpf the-tit upon {the ten indicator wheel, an additional contaet in the hundrec'ls column, hut sin' c'e Contact e e. are madesufi Y ficiently jlongythereqwill he ample ropp'o'rtu-f nity for all of these devices to carry and Complete fi p ation throughout the entire machinej I Fingers iig 'h' gare, alsot -provided in connection with} the 'lower'tabulating wheel as- 6 sociated'with the one previously described;

could be extended andsuhdivided'as'muchas desired,- vv For example, let us suppose that 0 upbnf the upper set of ,the -registering'de- Vices, totals areto be kept, and'on the. lower set, sub-footings are tol be registered,and, further,,let-1Is suppose that thesiih-footings,

lin;1 io instance, -w1l1"'containjmore "thantwo "'dlgits' 1n units-feud two digits -11I1 dec nal fractions lgllele Qfls ThenQafte'r se eralitems are put'idofwn, the'total of; these items will always appear -on the lower set of -reg iste'ring wheels," while the total of' allg'of these 9 particular items; together with any ,others that j may have he'en'" previeusly registered upon the machine, will he registered: upon the upper se't-"oif indicatorjwheels.j After "each. set of itemsflreletingjto ;a particular ac- 96' count, or, after a sub footing'has been ob-"- -.tained, then it is necessary that the" neg'istering' wheel's use'd in obtaining these sub-footings, or, 'in this instance, the IoWerset-Qf reg stering I wheels, shouldbe turned -hack to 100'; zero, irI-order to. start a new, set of items; o

upon. them, the printing operation taking 'place in each' instance upon-" thesetting to zero operation. If'the' sub-footings should run up to'nunibers which "exceed two di its, r or', let ussuppose; a" nnmbereentainingt iree -.'digits, then'it would be nectessaryfto either 'do away with the decimal ifractionsior' add inoire indicating devices; 'l he carrying-cin cuit the fourth row.is b'rqken. by throw- 116 ing'the switchpz 'in'that. r'ow sci-that there.

is no carrying at that'point. I This-is not'nec maining four devices areused ton recordll5 ing sub-footings also, then these will oper- 'ate in-a manner similar to the ones described.

.The reglstering'jwheels *H" are proi'ided with internal diametrically opposed notches .120

-11 Each sleeve l-lhas axknurled head-"H. and ailongitudi'nal row of-slots 72,2 which are [so arranged in said' sleeve that! they may register: with f'the notches insaid wheels.

'Withineaeh. one of thesleeves H there is a i12 shaft Pxhaving a plurality of-recesses which are pivoted a seriesofpawls p arranged to beforced out by leaf springs p secured "in said recess. Each shaft -P has a longitudinal movement withinits associated- 0 sleeve H such that when said..shaft is in its outermost position the pawls will be "drawn into and held in their recesses as'sh'ownin Fig. 6, such being the normal position of the-parts. When-the shaft P: is pressed inward the pawlsP pass into the slots 71. in

v the sleeves H and then, upon rotation of'the sleeve and shaft, by the knurled head H each pawl picks up a wheelHas' it-comes 1'0 into one of the notclies h therein. The shafts P and the sleeves H are permitted tomove witlnrespect to"eaeh ot her in'alojngitudinal direction, but are ,kept from' any relative -rotative movement'b'y pins p? se- 1 cured in said shafts and passing throu 11 slots in said sleeves. henever it is esired to' setany series of the 't'abulating wheels back to zero, the shaft Pis pushed inward and th'e knurled head? H is rotated half a rotation.- -As'every wheel .H" has a I notch it in each half thereof, located according to the ero on the periphery, it follows that this half rotation will collec'tall. the

wheels and'return them to Zer'o.

nection with this machine, and,this mechanisin consistsof a series ofhammers lo; catedback of a web of paper M which is stretched adjacent-to the; periphery of said; The numerals used for' '30 computer wheels.

the ,print-ing'operation are those upon. the periphery of'the'computing Wheels. --These numerals are inked by aninking i'foller. m which operates against the same. The hamusers m are in the form of pivoted members adapted 'to" be drawn toward said Wheels .by means of coiled springs m cams m? are provided for setting free these hammers to operate against the back of 40 the paper and forceit' against the inked characters upon the periphery of said'wheelsl The cams m are mounted upon a trans- :verse shaft on the outer end of-which is a gear H meshing with 'a gear H on the end i5"of the sleeve H.v These gears H, H are so proportioned that a halt rotation ofthe. sleeve Hgives a complete rotation to the cams. Thus it results that whenever any set 'of computing wheels is set back, a print is taken of the amounts computedp This- 'printing operation'is caused by the Very first movement of the sleeve I-Pbefore any of the wheels have" been .moved. It will be seen that one of the sets of wheels 1H may .55 thus' show and print sub-footings, while the other set sh'ows'and prints totals.-

-.Printing mechanism is also provided in connection with each of the test wheel ill- 'dicators G for the purpose of keeping a 650 record of the individual items as they are set up by themachine. 'This is brought. about by a printing wheel R loosely mounted on the shaft B secured in the casing. This printing wheel receives its rotation through a gear R secured to it"meshingwith a gear sightopening A will bepresente the printing wheel R at a point where it,

Printing mechanism is, provided in con-- Suitable I R rigid with the sprocket wheel G. The

gearing and the arrangement thereof is such that the number, appearing throu' h a the upon may be engaged-by a pivoted hammer S.

The hammer S is providedwith a projec-' tion S and is'pressedtoward the printing Wheel and paper by a leaf spriiig Sbut is held'away from the same by a cam wheel a S secured to a transverse shaft S A test indicating wheel G", a printing wheel R,

anda hammer, together .wit-hlits operating cam vwheeh'are provided in connectlon with .eaelrgroup of computin wheels and computing wheel operating evices. The ope r' sting cam wheelis arrangedas shown with four cam faces 1, which are provided at their .highestpoints with notches 1' for the. purpose of forming a rest for the projection S of'the hammer which normally seats in'the notch -Suitable mechanism is provided for rotating; the cam .wheel shaft a quarter of a turn for each item which is tabulated by' the machine. Thus there is secured on the end of thesha'ft' S. a ratchet 'wheel S, and above this ratchet wheel is a ratchetbar S meshing therewith and pressed into such engagement by aleafspring S". This bar is slidably mounted in suitable guides S and S the guides S being arranged to permit said ratchet bar to give upward. fromsaid ratchet wheel S against the tension of said spring. The opposite end of the bar Stis provided with a stop S which lies in the path of the operating lever (Z is arrangedbehind the'lever and follows the same as it is pushed backward. This following operation is brought about by a spring S secured -to said bar at one end and to the casing at the other in such-a mannerthat it tends to pull said stop up against the back of said lever. A shoulder; :8 is provided upon said bar for'engagement with a fixed stop S These two stops limit the movement of said bar, which movement is sufficient to give the cam shaft S a- The printing Wheels R for the test print on, the paper intermediquarter of a turn.

This stop ately of the columns printed by-t-he wheels H. The characters on the wheels R are of diiterent type or the inking roller therefore is of a different color to prevent confusion.

The double' set of digitson the wheels H allows the same numberto show through the opening A or Aand be beneath the hammer which is diametrically opposite. The numbers will be. printed in each instance, upon the paper upside down and in a reverse position, but the paper is sufiiciently thinto permit the record to be read through from the back side.

The paper" web is guided in' its course through the machine over rollers '10, 11/, as,

1b and from there to-the feed rollers W,--W"-.

These feed rollers receive their rotation from a ratchetwlieel W shownindottd lines in Fig. '1. This. ratchet wheel is operated by a pawl Y piyotally carried by a {sliding rod V andpressed into engagement ii'with 'said' ratchet wheelby a spring V This sliding rod is 'mounted in suitable blocksI and is held in a rearward )osition by a spring-V. 'Motion is.con veye to'this sliding rod by a pin v rigid with thesa-me and extending through the slot a! lathe #side of the casing'and out into the path of the operating lever (1 so that Whenever the lever. returns to its normal [)QSltlOll, as

shown in Fig.3, ity'will engage said pin. oi

and set 'the -Tfeeding rollers forward one ,n'otch.

'The' inepbanisni for shifting, the trans; yers ely movable carriageB ac1'oss,tl1e machine consists .of a spring actuated drum 0, anda 'ret'uri'roperati-ngdrum O'. Suitable supporting brackets and-.0 are provided for these drums. A cord 0 passes from the drum 0; to one sideo'f the carriage B and "the spring of's'aid drum tends to draw'sald i carriage from. "left to right. The other druifi'O'ds connected by a cord 0 to the other 'side of saidcar-riage, and a cord-'0 lwound about smaller dr'um"0 connected with""sa'id"1ever' di vo'perates to rotate the drum =0 and draw Said carriage into itsinitial position. Thusf'it'will be 'seen that when the lever d is shiftedupon its pivot 5.

frame,thecord:0 will be drawn,; tlnis roto make 'the' contacts through the contact "tating the d rum' O" and winding up the Cord a which is secured to the left of'the This necessarily draws the carriage back :to its initial position, the pawl b clicking'gidly over the detents (2 and the movable-pawlsof the escap'ement giving way suthcient-lyto'allow the;1'eturn., 1

at anytime in the'setting-up of the machines before the nfumber iscomputed,

there should'ibeia wrong'number. appearing through the sight-openings A, this error may be rectifiedby theirelease ofthe contaet'swhich have been depressed and ar-.

rangednn the machine so that it will st art in 'anew. ,This is brought about by breaking all of the local circuits through the computers throngh the medium of a gang of switches w? and m and then operating the frame it to. set; free the contact rods. The plates of .these; switches are mounted upon a shaft T runningfclearthrough the machine. Knives.

"of said switches are arranged to complete the circuits when-they are inxtheir' upward position At thetop of this shaftT and outside of 'the casing is e an operating lever -T, which is-,-provided. with a nose t which is arranged to lie 'inthe-path of-the projection S carried by the bar'S This switch and -its operating lever, together with the nose upon said lever, break all/the local circuits and. also prevent the increment of the bar S and the printing of the incorrectnumber set up. The segment of the: operating lever is'so arranged that it is out of engagement with the pinion d and thus, allowing sufli- 'cienttmoyement 'of. said lever to accomplish ;the printing of the items before the contact frame E is operated, A dash pot'D. is pro vided in connection withtlie,operating lever for preventing too-rapid movement thereof.

.The greatadaptabi-lityof niy computing ,machine to various business. requirements will be apparent .from the foregoing description thereof. Thus; first, it may be actuated by any suitable means for making electric contacts ,suchas the keys of a special key board, or'the numeral keys of a typeiwriterfor a perforated card operating With contact plungers, or in fact any means for making electrical contacts. Second, an indicator shows, afterthe numbcr islset' by the actuating device, but beforeit is,computed, whether the number; is correct, whereby it may be altered without computing, if incorrect. Third, themachine may. he divided n'r'to sections operatedindependently, so that a plurality of columns may be computed at the same time,wvl1ilefor work'involvihg high I ,ClGIIOIHlIltttlOIlS. the full number. of comput- -.plung'crs corresponding to the ditlcrent digits and each connected to operate all theplunge-rs below t 111' denom nation, but independento't' those above it, latching means for holding the actuated plungers in active position, computing mechanism, and means for operating it corresponding to the number ofl'atched plungersl v 2. In a computer, the combination with an operating device, of electrically operated computing ,mechanis1n, a plurality of movable members, meians' for operating a" sufv.ficient number of said members to""cor'respond to thenumberset the operating device, and means formaking an extra con tact' inlthe next higher column 'for carrying from one decimal column to the ,other.

' 3. In a computer, the combination of electrically 'operated computing .mechanism, a

series. of electromagnets ana a set of con- '4. In a computen tlie combination with electrically ,operated computing mechanism.

vtacts controlled thereby tor operating said 1 ,coniputing mechanismfthe'nunber of, contactsset corresponding with thenum'ber to of a series of electromagnets,a set of con tacts controlled thereby for operating said computing mechanlsm, the number of contacts set corresponding with the numberfto be added, and means operated by the,com-' puting device for making an additional] contact in the next higher decimal column and thereby carrying from one column to the other.

5. In a computer, the combination with electrically operated computing mechanism having decimal columns, of a series f electromagnets, a set of contacts controlled,

1 thereby for operating said computing mechcorresponding to the numeral to be added anism,'the number of contacts set corresponding with the number set up by the operating device, and an electromagnetfor making an additional contact in' the next higher line for carrying from one decimal column to another. r

mechanism and arranged in decimalrows;

and means whereby the setting up .ofa'num- 35- ber to be added .will cause-a depressionof its'corresponding contact rod, the depressing of said rod causing the depression of all; of the other contact rodsof lower, denomin'a tion.

a series of electromagnets for-depressing sald contact rods,- and means whereby the operation of one magnet corresponding'to the numeral to be added will operate its contact rod and all of the others below it in do; nomination. I

, 9. In a computer, the combination with electrically operated computing mechanism,

of a plurality of contact rods, arranged in.

decimal columns for operating said mecha'- nism, each rod corresponding to a digit, means whereby the operation of one rod will'operate i s contact rod and all of the others below it in denomination, ,means for temporarily locking said contact rods in such actuated position, and means for then making contacts'therewith.

10. In a computer, the combination with electrically operated computing mechanism, of a plurality of contact rods for the same arranged in rows r presenting"decimalcoh 8. In a computer, the combination with electrically operated computing mechanism, of a plurality of contact rods'for controlling the same andarranged in decimal columns,"

umns, a'series of electromagnets for depressmg said rods, means for completing the circuit throughsaid magnets, means whereby the operation of onemagnet may operate ts contact rod and thereby operate all of the others below it in denomination, and means for making an additional contact when it is necessary to'carry. from one colummto the next.

- 11-111 a computer, the combination with electrically operated computing mechanism for each decimal column, of a plurality-of rows of contact devices corresponding-to 4 each column for operating said .mechanism,

,means whereby a number of contacts may be actuated 1n eachrow corresponding to the digit for that decimal column of the number to be added,'and a traveling cont-actior each decimalrow adapted to engage with all of the actuated contacts, and means for shifting said traveling contacts.

12. In a computer, the combination with electrically operated computing mechanism for eachdecimal column, a row of contact devices corresponding to each decimal column, each of sa d contact devicesbemg adapted to 'maliea number of contacts corresponding innumber to its relative position in said row, a travehng carriage, means for giving the carriage step by stepmovement-,-

and means mounted on the carriage for governi 'ng tlie contact devices to give. a number of'contacts equal to the number to beadded.

18;; Ina computer, the combination with computing mechanism corresponding to each decimal column, arow of-contact devices corresponding to each column,means provided in connection, with each of said contact devices whereby the actuation of one.

will a'ctua'teall below itin denomination, a transversely movable carriage, a plurality of plungers, mounted in said carriage, for operatingjsaid contact devices."

14. In a com uter, the combination with. computing me'c anism corresponding with,-

each decimal column, a row of contact rods for each decimal column adapted to operate saidmechani'sm', means for holding said rods .in an elevated position -and means whereb the depression of one of said rods will de press the; other rods below it in. denomination,- and latchplate in connection with each row for holding such of the rods as are depressed in that 'position.

15. Ina computer, the combination' with electrically operated com 'utingmechanismf corresponding with each" ecimalcolumn, of

a traveling contact for each column, a plurality .of contactrods normally out ofthe I actuationof one rod-will actuate a sufficient number of contact rods to' convey'impulses" to the computmg mechanism to compute thepath of saidcontactnnd means whereby the number to beadded. 3 4 4 lo, Inna computing machine, the combination of com uting mechanism, a plurality of .rowsof rosadaptedtogdverh the-same, a traveling carriage'havinga row of plungers ing said plungers. I 17. In a computer, the combination with com-p'uting wheels, Orr-mechanisms for actuatingthe same, rows of'independent devices for controlling said mechanism, a carriage adapted to operate various ofsaid rods in the different rows's'uccessi'vely, and a set of m. gnets carried-by said carriage for operat';

arranged totrajvel over said rows, pms car-, r ed by said carnage, electromagnets carr'led .by saidflcarriage and arrangedyto; operate said pins andqmea'nsfprcontrolling the es cia'penientof sadmarrlage from one row to the other.. l v x31 ,'-18.- In a com uting machine, the combinatioii of, a tra'v'e i-ng carriage,- an electrically governed es'cap'ement, therefor, electrically operated actuatin members carried-byjthe' carriage, a pluralltywf rowfisofde )ressible rods'adapte'd to be; governed by sai' {act-uating members, ;and P a: computing mechanism controlled bysai-d rods, I

. '19. In a computer, the combination with computing "wheelsiofdnechanismls for actu' ating the: same, rows 'of devic es for control; lingsaid mechanism, a carriage arranged to travel OYOI'"Sa1(l- IOWS RIIIS carried lay-said:

carriage, electromagnctsiicarried b said 'CiLIl-x riage and arranged tofoperate is'a'i pins,

. an electromagnetfor operating theescapeunent of said carriage permitting it. to travel,

from one ofsfilid r 'the oth r- ,7 201, In acomputer, the combination vnh electrically operated computing mechanism,

a of rows of contacts, acarrlagetraveling over said'contacts and providedw-it-h means for setting said contacts, escapement mechanism, for said carriage, and electrical mechanism foroperatingsa'id escapement. I i

21. "In a computer, thecombination with electricallyo erated computing mechanism,

a plurality ocontact rods arranged in rows corresponding to each declmal colnmn, other [sets of contact rods arranged-in each row,

and'connected with the computing mechanism o f'the column below, a frame carrying a contact for each row of contact rods, means whereby the depression of one rod ,will depress a number thereof. into the .path of said contacts suflicient to give a number of impulses to-the computing mechanism to indicate the number, means for shifting said contact frame, and means for holding saidcontact rods 1n a depressed position nntil after the several contacts are made.

22; In a computer, the combination with electrically operated computing mechanism, a plurality ,of contact roc s, means for holding said-rods in an elevated position, acontact frame slidably'mounted in the casing,

conacts carried by said frame and arranged I to travel in a path in proximity to saidcon- .saidco'ntacts n l p 25. In a computer,the'combination with; 11'0 trical contact rods arranged .ifln'rows cone-L {sponding toeach decimal column, means for depressing said rods, a' traveling contactframe, means carried by, said frame) and contact rodssaid frame and the computersaid contact rods, and. means for 'sh'ilfting said contact frame." I I a plurality of contact rods arranged in rows plate for each row, saidcontact rods being holding said rods inan'elevated position, a

ranged-to travel in a pathproximity to puter' operating, mechanism, electromagnet's path of said traveling contacts, means for -'fra1nc," additional contact rods provided in 1min, said rod niaking-anaddit-ional contact.

means for depressing-a snflicient number of all ofthe connections between saidrods and computing mechanism, a lplura lity ofelem adapted to make connections.withthe de pressed electrical contact rods and to thereby permit the actuation of. said computing tact frame. 1

tact rods arranged in rows corresponding to each decimal column, means for depressingsaid rods, a travelingcon'tact frame, means carried by. said frame and adapted to make connections with the depressed contact rods and thereby permit the actuation of said computing mechanism, a rack provided upon said frame, a pinion pperating in connec tion withsaid rack, an operating lever, and

tact rods, electric connections" between said 23.111 a computer, the combination with electrically operated computing mechanism,

corresponding, to each "decimal column, a

slidably .i'nounted iii-- said plate, means for Ifc'rdepressing said contact rodsinto the-. ,temporarily'holding s'aadrods in depressed. 4 pos tion, means for shiftingwsaid 'contacfifi connection with each row'and arranged to;

, be operated by the comp'uting mechanism corresponding to the next lower-decimal col-f I 26. In a computer, the combination computing mechanism, a plurality of conoperating mechanism, means for depressing 9 contact frame, slidably mounted in the 'cas m'g,'contacts carried by said frame and arjsaid contact rods, electrical connections 'be- I tween sald; rods, said frame and the com- 24. 111 a" computer, the com'binatioh with electrically operatedcomputing mechanism, a plurality of contact rods, means forreA tairiingsaid rods inan elevated positiom.

mechanism, and means for shifting said cona connection between said operating lever and said p nion whereby the rockm of sa d lever will rotate said pinion and s 1ft said cont-act frames. I

27. In a computer, the combination with computing mechanism, of a plurality of contact rods, adapted to be set according to the number which is to modify the computation; electrical conductors adapted to connect the rods with'the computing mechanism, means for completing cireuitswith said contact rods and conductors, and means for indicat ing the number set up before thecomputing' operation takes place.

28. In a computer, the combination with a plurality of devices for actuating the com I puting operating mechanism, each 'one of said devices carrying a shoulder, and means traveling in the-path of said shoulders, and; a test indicator operated thereby for indi eating 'a number equal'to the number of shoulders absent from the path ofsaid 'indi cator operating device.

29. In a com'puter, the combination with computing mechanism of a plurality of rods for governing the same, means for actuating sai'd rods, a test indicator, an operating, bar forsaid indicator, means tending normally to shift said bar and a series of rojections carrie'dby said rods for determinmg the amount of movement of said bar. y

30. In a computer, the combination wit electrically operated computing mechanism,

of test indicator mechanism, a plurality of contact rods arranged in rows, each of the rods of a row carrying a separate projection, an operating bar for said test indicator mechanism, means for automatically-shifting saidbar in a line with said proyections,

means whereby the depression of one of contact rods will depress all of those below it in'sequence, the depressed .of said contact rods removing the projections from thepath of said operating bar thereby permitting it,

to travel to the next contact rod not depressed and indicating upon its indicator the number set up.

31. In a computer, the combination with computing mechanism of an additional test device consisting of a plurality of indicator wheels, a printing wheel geared with each of sald indicator wheels, means for mkm the same, hammers for making thesevera impressions and mechanism for operating said hammers. i

32. In a computer, the combination with computing wheels of electromagnets for op.- crating the same, a plurality of independently mounted contact devices for operating each of said magnets, and means whereby the operation of one contact device will convey a number of impulses toits corresponding computer-operating magnet to register the denomination of such contact device.

operating magnets for registering the numztating said wheels step b step, rows of contact devices for contro ling saidmagnets and means whereby the actuation of one of saidcontact-devices in a row will actuate all of those below it m denomination, andmeans for completing .the circuit through such actuated contacts.

35. In: a computer, the combination with computing wheels, of electromagnets for operatmg said wheels step by s'tep, eont actrods'controlling'said magnets, means where- 'by the operation of one of said contact rods may operate all below it in denomination, and aitraveling contact adapted to complete 'the circuit between said several contacts-and the computer-operating magnet.

I 36'. In a computer the combination with I computing wheels, pa-wland ratchet con struction-forrotating said wheelsstep 'by step, ele'ctromagnets f or operating said pawl and ratchet mechanism, cont-act rods adapted to convey a number of impulses to said operatingmagnets'corresponding to the relatn'e value of said rod, and means" foroperatingsaid 'rods. v 37: In 'a computer, the-combination with computing wheels, ratchet wheels for, op-' crating the same, electroin'agnets, armat-urcs 5 for the same, pawls carried by said armatnres operating in connection, withsaid ratehet-wVheels, a plurality of contact rods i'orcontrolling said electromagnets, a traveling contact adapted tomake contact with any depressed contactrod, means for de;

pressing sai'd rods, and means whereby the depression of one rod will cause the depresslon of all those )below 1t 1n denomination.

38. In a computer,- the combination with electrically operated computing wheels, of

a plurality of independently, mounted, but co-ac'ting contacts for controlling-said computingwhcels, means for setting said con- 12o tacts, andmeans carried by one computer wheel for anaking an additional independentcontact-for actuating the next higher computer-wheel.

39. In a computer, the combination with 125 computing wheels of electrically operatingmechanism', a'set of contacts for operatim each computer wheel, means for setting said nation of two concurrently operatingadd- ,ers, and means for automatically printing 'for setting one of; said adders -back tozero g i said adders back to zero independently of the other, and means for.independently 'tion-with digit keys and differential mecha:

' operating said Lad e for setting one of said series back-to zero the two sets.

for printing the amount ever it is set back to zero; 3 30" ating keys and two seriesof adders, meansfor concurrent-1y operatingthe .t-Wo adders E45. In a computingmachine, the combination of two series,of'eonc'urrently' operfor; the partial totals without interfering 'mers adapted to print the number indicated by. the wheels, 'and conjoint mechanism 'forsetting the wheels back to zero and operat- 'fling said'hammers.

- 48. In a computing machine,the combina- -'.tioi1'- with digit keys and differential Imechacontacts, an additional; contactinconnectio'nv'vith each set oflcontacts, an electromagnet for controlling said add iti'oi'ial' conta ct, and means actuated byzeach of said computer wheel s'ffor;operating said addi-; tional contact 'for the'nent higher column.

40. In a computingmachine, the.combi'- their totals. Y

41. A computing ,machine having two series 101 concurrently operating adders, one. a'daptedto-add an entire sum, andthe'ot-her, to add individual portions of such- 'sum, and automatic means for printing the individual totals of. such portions. l i 1 1 42.1 A. computing machine having two. series of adding .device ,f mechanism for concurrently ope-rating thetwo series, means withoutinterfering with the other set, and means for printing the totals indicated by- In a compiiting machine,,'the combination with two concurrently operating addcrs, means for independently setting each of said adders .back to zero, and mechanism of each adder-when 44. A co1'nput1ng machine having factu liytlie same actuation of'the keys,andmeai is without interfering with the other.

ating adders, one'adapted to register. grand totals, and the other partial totals, and. means for. setting, back to zero the adders with the computation on theotherfadder.v

46. In a computing "machine; the';combi-' nation of computing lne'clia iisni, means for setting; it back to zero, and means for printing operated by such s'etting.

47. In a computing machine, .the combination of computing wheels, impression ham isnr actuated. "thereby of two cbncurrentlyoperating adders, means for setting one of printing the totals on the two adders. 49.' In a computing machine, the-c'ombinanismact-uated thereby of two concurrentlyadders, means for setting one rs back to zero independently of.

.the" other; and means for independently tion of two registers, one above theother,

observation windows on"the"front side-cf said registers, andmeans forfguiding a strip of paper along the backside of said registers.

" -52. In a computing machine, the combination 'of-two registers, .one above the other,

- observat'ion windows on the, front side of said registers, means for'guiding'a strip of and means ,for independently printing from either register."

ing devices, a test indicator; to indicate the number set upbefore it is computed, and

- a recorder positioned by. the test operating mechanism for recording the-individual amounts added.

paper from'the backside of said registers,

- 1 '53. A computing macliine ha ving comput- 54. Ina computer, the combination with; 7

computing mechanism, test mechanism, recording members operated by the test mech- -anism, and means for printing on the same piece of paper from both the computing mechanism-and recording mechanism.

55. In a computing machine, the combina U tionfof means tor s multaneously addmg, two columns,,.means for recording the my dividual amount added, and means for set.-

ting back tozero one of the column adders independently of -the' other.

56. In aco'mputin'g machine; the coimbinar tion with digit keys and difierentialmecha;

nisnractuated thereby, of two adders, .means 'for'setting one o'fsacid adders back to zero. v

indpendently of'the other, a nd means for independently printing the-totals on the two;

adders. t

57-. Ina computing machine,tl1e combination, of -n1eans for adding two columns, I

means for recordingthe-individual amount added and means for setting back to,zero' ftheother, V p

58.1In a machine scribed,' thecombination of aset of actua- .one of the'fc0luin11',.adders independently of "tors andqtwo sets of accumulator wheels,

means whereby thebperatibn' 'of said. ac

of the, character de-. :7

tuators "and the'accumulator Wheels may re 1 sult in the same amount being added Em both, I sets of accumulator Wheels, and means for i setting oneset of aecu'mulatorwheels back toz'ero withoutdisturbing the other set.

59. In a machineof; the character de scribed,' the combination of a setof actual- I:

tors and-two sets of accumulator whee1's,m0- such sum, and means for printing the in- 10 tion being transmitted between the actuators dividual totals of such portions; and said accumulator wheels, and means for In testimony whereof I hereunto afiix my turningone set of aceginulator Wheels back signature in the presence of two witnesses. to Zero without distur in the other set. l y

(30. In a machine of the character de- HOLMES MARS-HALL scribed, the combination of two sets of addersyone adapted to add an entire sum.

and the other to add individual portions of \Vitnesses:

\VM. H. Roman, JOHN D. HAYES. 

